Wentzel, Willard Ferdinand. Fifteen letters from Wentzel at Mackenzie River to Roderick Mackenzie, 1807-1824. An electronic transcription. MFTP #0012

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-mer made of the rind of the willow, which is twisted & then made like the Nets made in Canada – The LMashes of which are four and a half Inches – the Length of them is forty yards and the height Four yards, these are Set in the water, with Pieces of Split wood for Floats, and Stones for weights[.]

Their Lines are made of the same ok-ham as their nets[.] Their Hooks are composed of Wood, bone and sometimes Birds Claws[.] That is, the Shank of wood the hooked part of Claws or Bone[.]

Climate}

In winter the weather is extremely Severe[.] The cold is Some years So great that the Ice of the Grand River had been Known to be five feet & half thick[.] The River frequently congeals about the 25th or 28th of November and is not Navigable untill the End of May or the commencement of June[.] Some years it clears Earlier but it's Seldom[.] Last year, it was not fordable before the 24th of June – however Such Severity is Seldom experienced[.] The Frost generally Sets in about the 10th or 15th of September & Sometimes it freezes during the Nights, the whole Summer Season[.]

In Summer the nights are clear & Short & Cool – on the contrary the days are long and the Heat unsupportable[.] The nights are so clear during the Summer that like Norwegeans we can to see to read and write, without the Help of a Candle, quite the reverse in winter we are involved in almost perpetual darkness[.]

The Air I believe is healthy as no Endemial diseases prevail among the Natives[.] The disorders most frequent amongst them are, Colds, Consumptions, and Fevers – supposed to be occasioned by their obstinacey in their pursuit after the Animals in the Spring Season

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